Drug Name Antabuse

The metabolic state corresponds to that associated with physical exercise – “silent stress”. Baroreceptors. Partial depolarization of baroreceptors enables activation of the reflex to occur at a relatively smaller rise in blood pressure, leading to decreased sympathetic vasoconstrictor activity. Neurohypophysis. Release of vasopressin (antidiuretic hormone) results in lowered urinary output.
Consequently, less fluid is absorbed than is secreted. The increased filling of the bowel promotes peristalsis; excitation of sensory nerve endings elicits enteral hypermotility. According to the site of irritation, one distinguishes the small bowel irritant castor oil from the large bowel irritants anthraquinone and diphenolmethane derivatives (for details see p. 174).

 

Acetylcholine (ACh) is the transmitter at postganglionic synapses of parasympathetic nerve endings. It is highly concentrated in synaptic storage vesicles densely present in the axoplasm of the terminal. ACh is formed from choline and activated acetate (acetylcoenzyme A), a reaction catalyzed by the enzyme choline acetyltransferase.
The kidney permits elimination because the vascular wall structure in the region of the glomerular capillaries (B) allows unimpeded passage of blood solutes having molecular weights (MW) < 5000. Filtration diminishes progressively as MW increases from 5000 to 70000 and ceases at MW > 70000.